Fig. 2
From: Bridging online and offline dynamics of the face mask infodemic
Future COVID-19 cases and mask-wearing are associated with relative prevalence of anti-mask to pro-mask stance online, which are in turn shaped by bot activity and low-credibility information. Top-Left: Increased share of anti-mask stance predicts higher levels of lagged new daily COVID-19 infections in a given state (\(N = 11266\)). Top-Right: Increased share of anti-mask stance predicts lower levels of actual masking behavior in a given state (\(N = 4010\)). Top-Insets: Coefficient estimates across time lags, with higher absolute values indicating stronger associations between online discourse and offline impacts. Bottom-Left: Account-level estimates of anti-mask stance, given bot probability and low-credibility information-sharing (\(N = 1787963\)). Bottom-Right: State-level estimates of the logged ratio of anti-mask to pro-mask stance based on the average bot probability and proportion of low-credibility information-sharing (\(N = 11266\))