Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria to assess eligibility of studies

Home-based records and digitalization

Materials addressing both home-based records and digitalization were considered for inclusion.

The digitalization of a home-based record is understood as an individual/patient or the parent/caregiver having electronic access to elements of their health record. This could also include access to health messages.

Interventions that only health workers can access and clients/patients can not.

Interventions where people hold a physical token with a digital copy of the record, but are unable to access it themselves (i.e. smart card or Near-field communication token).

Interventions that only provide one-directional text messages or information to an individual/patient without health record access.

Health area

Interventions focusing on maternal, newborn and/or child health, including pregnancy and postnatal care, immunization, nutrition, and early child development.

Digital interventions that covered a subset of the MNCH population, such as patients with a particular disease (e.g. gestational diabetes or pediatric cancer).

Digital interventions addressing other health areas.

Materials exclusively focused on COVID-19 vaccinations. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to advances in the digitalization of vaccination certificates and was beyond the scope of this review.

Language

Any language.

There were no language restrictions.

Timeframe

References published since 2000, as digitalization is a relatively new field and all key materials should likely be published after that.

References published before 2000.

Type of material

Any relevant peer-reviewed article or grey literature (e.g. books, book chapters, journal articles, conference papers, reports, and websites).

Systematic reviews (relevant reference lists would be manually searched).