Differential effects of the individualized gender-sensitive mHealth intervention I-GENDO on eating styles in individuals with overweight and obesity – a randomized controlled trial

Seiferth, Caroline; Färber, Tanja; Pape, Magdalena; Schoemann, Natalie; Dieberger, Anna; Schroeder, Stefanie; Herpertz, Stephan; Wolstein, Jörg; Steins-Loeber, Sabine

doi:10.1186/s44247-023-00041-0

Table 2 Model-estimated means, standard errors, and 95%CI for all outcomes at 3, 9 and 15 months

From: Differential effects of the individualized gender-sensitive mHealth intervention I-GENDO on eating styles in individuals with overweight and obesity – a randomized controlled trial

	3 months							9 months							15 months
	Control			Intervention			Between-group difference [95% CI]	Control			Intervention			Between-group difference [95% CI]	Control			Intervention			Between group difference [95% CI)
	Mean	SE	95% CI	Mean	SE	95% CI		Mean	SE	95%CI	Mean	SE	95%CI		Mean	SE	95%CI	Mean	SE	95%CI
Restrained
Overall	2.85	0.05	[2.76, 2.94]	3.13	0.04	[3.05, 3.21]	0.28 [0.20, 0.36]	2.85	0.05	[2.76, 2.95]	3.00	0.04	[2.92, 3.09]	0.15 [0.07, 0.24]	2.78	0.05	[2.68, 2.89]	2.91	0.04	[2.83, 3.00]	0.13 [0.04, 0.22]
Emotional^a
Male	3.09	0.10	[2.89, 3.28]	2.94	0.09	[2.76, 3.12]	-0.15 [-0.33, 0.03]	2.88	0.11	[2.66, 3.10]	3.03	0.10	[2.84, 3.22]	0.14 [-0.05, 0.33]	2.97	0.12	[2.74, 3.19]	3.14	0.10	[2.95, 3.33]	0.17 [-0.02, 0.36]
Female	3.12	0.07	[2.98, 3.26]	2.98	0.06	[2.86, 3.10]	-0.14 [-0.27, -0.02]	3.34	0.08	[3.19, 3.49]	3.03	0.07	[2.90, 3.15]	-0.32 [-0.44, -0.19]	3.22	0.08	[3.07, 3.38]	3.01	0.07	[2.88, 3.14]	-0.22 [-0.35, -0.09]
External^a
Male	3.47	0.08	[3.31, 3.63]	3.17	0.08	[3.02, 3.32]	-0.30 [-0.45, -0.15]	3.32	0.09	[3.14, 3.49]	3.37	0.08	[3.21, 3.52]	0.05 [-0.10, 0.20]	3.36	0.09	[3.17, 3.54]	3.22	0.08	[3.07, 3.37]	-0.14 [-0.29, 0.02]
Female	3.56	0.06	[3.45, 3.68]	3.37	0.05	[3.27, 3.47]	-0.20 [-0.30, -0.10]	3.57	0.06	[3.45, 3.69]	3.28	0.05	[3.17, 3.38]	-0.29 [-0.40, -0.19]	3.44	0.06	[3.32, 3.57]	3.21	0.05	[3.11, 3.32]	-0.23 [-0.34, -0.13]
BMI (kg/m2)^a
Male	33.41	0.28	[32.86, 33.96]	32.58	0.26	[32.07, 33.09]	-0.84 [-1.35, 0.33]	33.74	0.32	[33.12, 34.36]	32.73	0.27	[32.20, 33.27]	-1.00 [-1.54, -0.47]	33.69	0.32	[33.05, 34.32]	32.25	0.27	[31.72, 32.78]	-1.44 [-1.97, -0.91]
Female	33.00	0.20	[32.61, 33.39]	32.83	0.18	[32.48, 33.18]	-0.17 [-0.52, 0.18]	32.88	0.21	[32.46, 33.29]	33.06	0.18	[32.69, 33.42]	0.18 [-0.18, 0.54]	32.63	0.22	[32.19, 33.06]	33.17	0.19	[32.80, 33.54]	0.54 [0.17, 0.91]
Step count/ day
Overall	6793.14	319.25	[6167.43, 7418.85]	6867.78	273.09	[6332.56, 7403.01]	74.64 [-460.58, 609.87]	6547.14	241.01	[6074.77, 7019.50]	6777.69	192.97	[6399.47, 7155.91]	230.56 [-147.67, 608.78]	6836.39	243.61	[6358.93, 7313.85]	7114.21	188.18	[6745.38, 7483.04]	277.82 [-91.01, 646.65]

Note. Bold text indicates significant between-group effects. Displayed are the results of the multilevel model analysis for each outcome (restrained eating, emotional eating, external eating, BMI, step count/day) adjusted for baseline value and assessment (3 months, 9 months, 15 months). Each model contained an interaction term for time*group and, in case the interaction was significant, an interaction for time*group*gender
^aEstimates were reported separately for men and women if a significant group*time*gender interaction was detected

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