A digital values-based microintervention for chronic back pain patients: lessons learned from a randomised experimental single-case study

Table 4 Two-level model estimations for outcomes from baseline to intervention

	Pain intensity	Wellbeing	Acceptance	Catastrophising	Engaged Living
Fixed effects
Intercept (ϒ₀₀)	5.23	4.05	4.38	6.24	5.22
Intervention (ϒ₂₀)	0.27 (0.28)	0.47 (0.31)	0.08 (0.02)	− 0.19 (0.16)	0.08 (0.21)
Intervention slope (ϒ₃₀)	0.02 (0.03)	0.03 (0.05)	0.05 (0.03)	− 0.06 (0.03)*	0.07 (0.03)*
Variance between participants
Intercept	2.02	1.69	2.06	2.88	2.09
Intervention	1.18	1.26	0.49	0.42	0.80
Intervention slope	0.09	0.19	0.12	0.12	0.10
Residual variance	1.11	1.30	0.73	0.93	0.92

^*p < 0.05 p-Values based on Wald-type t-tests with Kenward-Roger’s degrees of freedom approximation for fixed effects. The intercept (ϒ₀₀) denotes the average baseline level. The time variable was centered around the first day of the intervention so that the parameter ϒ₂₀ expresses the average change in level at the start of the microintervention. The parameter ϒ₃₀ expresses the average slope in the intervention phase. Standard errors are given in parentheses. All outcomes were assessed on a 11-point Likert scale during baseline and intervention phase

ISSN: 2731-684X