Table 1 A holistic approach for introducing digital decision support systems into a primary healthcare organization. It includes healthcare-ified requirements, best practice components addressing those, all mapped into a 7-dimension framework. The framework is adapted from Ivancic et al. [11]

Strategy

1. New IT solution to match intent of digitalization strategy^{1.2, 2.9, 2.10, 3.21, 3.25, 3.26, 6.11}

Digitalization strategy, business strategy, SWOT, benchmark

2. New IT solution to support the medical business^{1.2, 1.6, 2.9, 6.11}

Procurement (request for proposal, proposal, agreement), value proposition, business strategy and objectives

3. Allocate time and resources to run pilot and deploy new IT solution^{1.1,2.4, 2.12, 3.4, 3.19}

Business case

4. Coordinate initiatives^{2.4, 2.7, 3.21, 5.7, 6.11}

Coordinator of initiatives, sharing of experiences and success stories

Organization

5. Have an active sponsor^{2.5, 2.6, 3.1, 7.1–7.4}

Sponsor of initiatives, steering committee

6. Leadership for change^{1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.5, 2.6, 2.8, 3.1, 3.26, 3.31, 7.1–7.4,}

Leadership for change, leadership, and management practices

7. Motivate people to commit^{2.1, 2.2, 3.14–17, 3.31}

Culture for change, stakeholder analysis of their commitment to change, power vs interest grid, leadership, and management practices, build on strengths

8. Communicate to understand^{1.3, 2.6, 3.1, 7.1–7.4}

Stakeholder analysis of their commitment to change, power vs interest grid, communication plan

9. Use role model from the medical practice^{2.5, 3.4, 3.6, 3.10, 3.11–12, 3.18, 3.31}

Role model, evangelists / project champion

10. Structure the work, start with a pilot^{2.4, 2.5, 4.1–4.5}

Project/program management methods,

project charter, structured pilot,

lessons learned, project handover, preparation for broader deployment

11. Adjust the management system^6.3

Management system review and adjustment, follow up and confirm compliance, quality assurance

12. Set goals and visualize progress^{2.1, 2.2, 3.4, 3.13}

Benchmark, set objectives, measure performance, follow up progress, visualize progress, scorecard

Client

13. Understand society and patient needs^{3.1, 3.5, 3.7–3.9, 3.26–3.30}

Market research with competitive analysis, Voice of Customer

People

14. Build healthcare culture for change^{1.4, 1.5, 1.7, 2.3, 3.4, 3.14–17, 3.31, 7.1–7.4}

Stakeholder analysis of their commitment to change (stakeholder readiness), culture for change, build on strengths, communication plan, role model

15. Plan, acquire and leverage skills^{1.1, 1.8, 2.3, 2.5, 2.8, 2.11, 3.4, 3.10, 5.1, 5.2}

Resource capacity plan, resource management, train, educate, recruit, hire and leverage skills. Temporary roles to promote and make those important

16. Practice continuous improvements on daily basis^{3.3, 3.4, 3.20, 3.22–3.24, 4.1–4.5, 5.1–5.7}

Quality management methods, PDCA,

Continuous improvements training

Technology

17. New IT solution to meet healthcare requirements^{1.2, 3.2, 6.1, 6.2, 6.4–6.11}

Value proposition, proposal, product review (several aspects), IT security (strategy, risk analysis, policy, processes, methods, training, awareness, mechanisms), technology readiness assessment

18. Enable interoperability^{3.25, 6.10}

Integrate solution, Compatibility confirmation / standard interface, transformation of existing IT systems to support the new solution

Innovation

19. Involve frontline employees^{1.4, 2.8, 3.12, 3.20, 3.22–3.24, 4.1–4.5, 5.1–5.7}

Structured idea program / continuous improvement program, PDCA, 5 WHYs

Eco system

20. Inspire the team^{1.8, 2.7, 3.4, 3.11, 3.26}

Structured sharing of success stories (also cross industry)